Understanding ADHD

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What is ADHD?

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects attention, self-regulation, impulse control, and activity levels. It is NOT caused by bad parenting, laziness, or lack of intelligence.

Fact: ADHD affects approximately 1 in 20 adults, but many remain undiagnosed.

Inattentive Type

Characterised by difficulty focusing, forgetfulness, losing items, and becoming easily distracted.

  • Difficulty completing tasks
  • Disorganised and forgetful
  • Easily distracted by noise or thoughts
  • Often misses details

Hyperactive Type

Involves high restlessness, fidgeting, excessive talking, and a constant need for movement.

  • Feels “on the go” constantly
  • Talks excessively
  • Difficulty sitting still
  • Acts like “driven by a motor”

Impulsive Type

Acting without thinking, interrupting conversations, and difficulty waiting turn.

  • Blurts out answers
  • Interrupts others frequently
  • Acts before thinking
  • Emotional impulsivity

What Causes ADHD?

ADHD is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors.

Research shows: ADHD is 70–80% heritable — meaning it runs in families.
  • Differences in brain development and dopamine levels
  • Genetic inheritance
  • Premature birth or low birth weight
  • Early exposure to toxins (lead, smoke, etc.)

ADHD Symptom Comparison

Type Main Features
Inattentive Forgetful, disorganised, difficulty focusing, distracted
Hyperactive Fidgeting, restlessness, high energy, excessive talking
Impulsive Interrupting, risky decisions, emotional reactivity